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1.
Couyoumdjian, Alessandro; Ottaviani, Cristina; Petrocchi, Nicola; Trincas, Roberta; Tenore, Katia; Buonanno, Carlo; Mancini, Francesco
Reducing the meta-emotional problem decreases physiological fear response during exposure in phobics Journal Article
In: Frontiers in psychology, no 7, pp. 1105, 2016, ISSN: 1664-1078.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: autonomic nervous system, double standard, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, meta-emotional problem, phobic stimuli, self-criticism, specific phobia
@article{Couyoumdjian2016,
title = { Reducing the meta-emotional problem decreases physiological fear response during exposure in phobics},
author = {Alessandro Couyoumdjian and Cristina Ottaviani and Nicola Petrocchi and Roberta Trincas and Katia Tenore and Carlo Buonanno and Francesco Mancini},
editor = {Martial Mermillod},
url = {https://apc.it/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/fpsyg-07-01105.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01105},
issn = {1664-1078},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-07-25},
issuetitle = {Original Research},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
number = {7},
pages = {1105},
abstract = {Anxiety disorders may not only be characterized by specific symptomatology (e.g., tachycardia) in response to the fearful stimulus (primary problem or first-level emotion) but also by the tendency to negatively evaluate oneself for having those symptoms (secondary problem or negative meta-emotion). An exploratory study was conducted driven by the hypothesis that reducing the secondary or meta-emotional problem would also diminish the fear response to the phobic stimulus. Thirty-three phobic participants were exposed to the phobic target before and after undergoing a psychotherapeutic intervention addressed to reduce the meta-emotional problem or a control condition. The electrocardiogram was continuously recorded to derive heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and affect ratings were obtained. Addressing the meta-emotional problem had the effect of reducing the physiological but not the subjective symptoms of anxiety after phobic exposure. Preliminary findings support the role of the meta-emotional problem in the maintenance of response to the fearful stimulus (primary problem).},
keywords = {autonomic nervous system, double standard, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, meta-emotional problem, phobic stimuli, self-criticism, specific phobia},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anxiety disorders may not only be characterized by specific symptomatology (e.g., tachycardia) in response to the fearful stimulus (primary problem or first-level emotion) but also by the tendency to negatively evaluate oneself for having those symptoms (secondary problem or negative meta-emotion). An exploratory study was conducted driven by the hypothesis that reducing the secondary or meta-emotional problem would also diminish the fear response to the phobic stimulus. Thirty-three phobic participants were exposed to the phobic target before and after undergoing a psychotherapeutic intervention addressed to reduce the meta-emotional problem or a control condition. The electrocardiogram was continuously recorded to derive heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and affect ratings were obtained. Addressing the meta-emotional problem had the effect of reducing the physiological but not the subjective symptoms of anxiety after phobic exposure. Preliminary findings support the role of the meta-emotional problem in the maintenance of response to the fearful stimulus (primary problem).
2.
Ottaviani, Cristina; Mancini, Francesco; Petrocchi, Nicola; Medea, Barbara; Couyoumdjian, Alessandro
Autonomic correlates of physical and moral disgust Journal Article
In: International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 89, no 1, pp. 57 - 62, 2013, ISSN: 0167-8760.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: Anger, Contempt, Disgust sensitivity, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Moral disgust, Obsessive compulsive tendencies, Physical disgust
@article{Ottaviani201357,
title = {Autonomic correlates of physical and moral disgust},
author = {Cristina Ottaviani and Francesco Mancini and Nicola Petrocchi and Barbara Medea and Alessandro Couyoumdjian},
editor = {Elsevier},
url = {https://apc.it/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Ottaviani-et-al-Autonomic-correlates-of-physical-and-moral-disgust-2013.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.05.003},
issn = {0167-8760},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology},
volume = {89},
number = {1},
pages = {57 - 62},
abstract = {Abstract Given that the hypothesis of a common origin of physical and moral disgust has received sparse empirical support, this study aimed to shed light on the subjective and autonomic signatures of these two facets of the same emotional response. Participants (20 men, 20 women) were randomly assigned to physical or moral disgust induction by the use of audio scripts while their electrocardiogram was continuously recorded. Affect ratings were obtained before and after the induction. Time and frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) measures were obtained. After controlling for disgust sensitivity (DS-R) and obsessive–compulsive (OCI-R) tendencies, both scripts elicited disgust but whereas the physical script elicited a feeling of dirtiness, the moral script evoked more indignation and contempt. The disgust-induced subjective responses were associated with opposite patterns of autonomic reactivity: enhanced activity of the parasympathetic nervous system without concurrent changes in heart rate (HR) for physical disgust and decreased vagal tone and increased HR and autonomic imbalance for moral disgust. Results suggest that immorality relies on the same biological root of physical disgust only in subjects with obsessive compulsive tendencies. Disgust appears to be a heterogeneous response that varies based on the individuals' contamination-based appraisal.},
keywords = {Anger, Contempt, Disgust sensitivity, Heart rate, Heart rate variability, Moral disgust, Obsessive compulsive tendencies, Physical disgust},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract Given that the hypothesis of a common origin of physical and moral disgust has received sparse empirical support, this study aimed to shed light on the subjective and autonomic signatures of these two facets of the same emotional response. Participants (20 men, 20 women) were randomly assigned to physical or moral disgust induction by the use of audio scripts while their electrocardiogram was continuously recorded. Affect ratings were obtained before and after the induction. Time and frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) measures were obtained. After controlling for disgust sensitivity (DS-R) and obsessive–compulsive (OCI-R) tendencies, both scripts elicited disgust but whereas the physical script elicited a feeling of dirtiness, the moral script evoked more indignation and contempt. The disgust-induced subjective responses were associated with opposite patterns of autonomic reactivity: enhanced activity of the parasympathetic nervous system without concurrent changes in heart rate (HR) for physical disgust and decreased vagal tone and increased HR and autonomic imbalance for moral disgust. Results suggest that immorality relies on the same biological root of physical disgust only in subjects with obsessive compulsive tendencies. Disgust appears to be a heterogeneous response that varies based on the individuals' contamination-based appraisal.