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1.
Mancini, Francesco; Gangemi, Amelia
Fear of guilt from behaving irresponsibly in obsessive–compulsive disorder Journal Article
In: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, vol. 35, no 2, pp. 109 - 120, 2004, ISSN: 0005-7916, (Experimental approaches to understanding OCD).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: beliefs, guilt, OCD, Responsibility
@article{Mancini2004109,
title = {Fear of guilt from behaving irresponsibly in obsessive–compulsive disorder},
author = {Francesco Mancini and Amelia Gangemi},
editor = {Elsevier ScienceDirect},
url = {https://apc.it/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Fear-of-guilt-from-behaving-irresponsibly-in-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-Mancini_Gangemi.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.04.003},
issn = {0005-7916},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry},
volume = {35},
number = {2},
pages = {109 - 120},
abstract = {Previous cognitive models of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) propose that inflated responsibility plays a key role in the maintenance of symptoms (Behav.Res.Ther. 28 (1985) 571). In this manuscript, we propose that this thesis may be improved by emphasizing that instead, OCD may be characterized by a fear of guilt that would result from behaving irresponsibly and/or from not behaving responsibly. We believe that this concept provides a better explanation for the anxious and fearful nature of OCD than do more traditional conceptualizations of inflated responsibility. We support this idea with empirical evidence and propose that OCD symptoms are consistent with patients acting in a prudential mode because of their fears of guilt.},
note = {Experimental approaches to understanding OCD},
keywords = {beliefs, guilt, OCD, Responsibility},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Previous cognitive models of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) propose that inflated responsibility plays a key role in the maintenance of symptoms (Behav.Res.Ther. 28 (1985) 571). In this manuscript, we propose that this thesis may be improved by emphasizing that instead, OCD may be characterized by a fear of guilt that would result from behaving irresponsibly and/or from not behaving responsibly. We believe that this concept provides a better explanation for the anxious and fearful nature of OCD than do more traditional conceptualizations of inflated responsibility. We support this idea with empirical evidence and propose that OCD symptoms are consistent with patients acting in a prudential mode because of their fears of guilt.
2.
Mancini, Francesco; D'Olimpio, Francesca; Cieri, Luca
Manipulation of responsibility in non-clinical subjects: does expectation of failure exacerbate obsessive–compulsive behaviors? Journal Article
In: Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol. 42, no 4, pp. 449 - 457, 2004, ISSN: 0005-7967.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: checking, Compulsive, Coping ability, Hesitation, Obsessive, Responsibility
@article{Mancini2004449,
title = {Manipulation of responsibility in non-clinical subjects: does expectation of failure exacerbate obsessive–compulsive behaviors?},
author = {Francesco Mancini and Francesca D'Olimpio and Luca Cieri},
editor = {Elsevier ScienceDirect},
url = {https://apc.it/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/2004_manipulation-of-responsibility-in-non_clinical-subjects-does-expectation-of-failure-exacerbate-obsessive_compulsive-behaviors.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00153-0},
issn = {0005-7967},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Behaviour Research and Therapy},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {449 - 457},
abstract = {An exaggerated sense of responsibility is currently considered as the ground for the obsessive–compulsive disorder. Obsessive-like behaviors, such as hesitations and checks, may be induced in non-clinical subjects by increasing perceived responsibility (i.e., perceived personal influence on negative outcomes). In line with Salkovskis’ proposal [The cognitive approach to anxiety: threat beliefs, safety-seeking behavior, and the special case of health anxiety and obsessions, in: P.M. Salkovskis (Ed.), Frontiers of Cognitive Therapy, Guilford, New York], we tested the hypothesis that reduced coping abilities (i.e., an exaggerated expectation of failure) are another effectual factor contributing to obsessive-like behaviors. We examined 47 normal volunteers in a visuo-spatial memory task, and manipulated their perceived personal influence and expectation of failure by giving differential instructions and feedback about their performance. Increase of perceived personal influence induced slowness, hesitations and checks without enhancing performance. Expectation of failure exacerbated obsessive-like behaviors, again without affecting performance. These results confirm the role of responsibility in obsessive-like behavior and indicate that reduced coping abilities may contribute to worsen dysfunctional strategies.},
keywords = {checking, Compulsive, Coping ability, Hesitation, Obsessive, Responsibility},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
An exaggerated sense of responsibility is currently considered as the ground for the obsessive–compulsive disorder. Obsessive-like behaviors, such as hesitations and checks, may be induced in non-clinical subjects by increasing perceived responsibility (i.e., perceived personal influence on negative outcomes). In line with Salkovskis’ proposal [The cognitive approach to anxiety: threat beliefs, safety-seeking behavior, and the special case of health anxiety and obsessions, in: P.M. Salkovskis (Ed.), Frontiers of Cognitive Therapy, Guilford, New York], we tested the hypothesis that reduced coping abilities (i.e., an exaggerated expectation of failure) are another effectual factor contributing to obsessive-like behaviors. We examined 47 normal volunteers in a visuo-spatial memory task, and manipulated their perceived personal influence and expectation of failure by giving differential instructions and feedback about their performance. Increase of perceived personal influence induced slowness, hesitations and checks without enhancing performance. Expectation of failure exacerbated obsessive-like behaviors, again without affecting performance. These results confirm the role of responsibility in obsessive-like behavior and indicate that reduced coping abilities may contribute to worsen dysfunctional strategies.
3.
Gangemi, Amelia; Mancini, Francesco
Responsibility, guilt and decision under risk Journal Article
In: Psychological Reports, no 93 , pp. 1077-1079 , 2003.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: decision under risck, guilt, Responsibility
@article{Gangemi2003b,
title = {Responsibility, guilt and decision under risk},
author = {Amelia Gangemi and Francesco Mancini },
editor = {US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
},
url = {https://apc.it/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/2003_responsibility,%20guilt%20and%20decision%20under%20risk.pdf},
doi = {10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3f.1077},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-01-01},
urldate = {2003-01-01},
journal = {Psychological Reports},
number = {93 },
pages = {1077-1079 },
abstract = {In this paper, we hypothesize that individuals' choices (risk-seeking/risk-aversion) depend on moral values, and in particular on how subjects evaluate themselves, as guilty or as victims of a wrong, rather than on the descriptions of the outcomes as given in the options and evaluated accordingly as gains or losses (framing effect). People who evaluate themselves as victims are expected to show a risk-seeking preference (context of innocence).
People who evaluate themselves as guilty, are expected to show a risk-averse preference (context of guilt). In our experiment the responses of 232 participants to a decision problem were compared in four different conditions involving two-story formats (innocence/guilt) and two-question-options formats (gain/loss). The results show that, regardless of the format of the question options, the story format appears to be an important determinant of individuals' preferences.},
keywords = {decision under risck, guilt, Responsibility},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this paper, we hypothesize that individuals' choices (risk-seeking/risk-aversion) depend on moral values, and in particular on how subjects evaluate themselves, as guilty or as victims of a wrong, rather than on the descriptions of the outcomes as given in the options and evaluated accordingly as gains or losses (framing effect). People who evaluate themselves as victims are expected to show a risk-seeking preference (context of innocence).
People who evaluate themselves as guilty, are expected to show a risk-averse preference (context of guilt). In our experiment the responses of 232 participants to a decision problem were compared in four different conditions involving two-story formats (innocence/guilt) and two-question-options formats (gain/loss). The results show that, regardless of the format of the question options, the story format appears to be an important determinant of individuals' preferences.
People who evaluate themselves as guilty, are expected to show a risk-averse preference (context of guilt). In our experiment the responses of 232 participants to a decision problem were compared in four different conditions involving two-story formats (innocence/guilt) and two-question-options formats (gain/loss). The results show that, regardless of the format of the question options, the story format appears to be an important determinant of individuals' preferences.
4.
Mancini, Francesco; Gangemi, Amelia
Role of Responsibility in Conditional Reasoning Journal Article
In: Psychological Reports, vol. 91, no 1, pp. 275-288, 2002.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tag: conditional reasoning, Responsibility
@article{Mancini01082002,
title = {Role of Responsibility in Conditional Reasoning},
author = {Francesco Mancini and Amelia Gangemi},
editor = {SAGE Publications},
url = {http://prx.sagepub.com/content/91/1/275.abstract},
doi = {10.2466/pr0.2002.91.1.275},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
urldate = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Psychological Reports},
volume = {91},
number = {1},
pages = {275-288},
abstract = {A series of recent studies showed that facilitation on the Wason Selection Task could be produced by perceived utilities. The present work was aimed at testing whether a similar factor could also be involved in human reasoning performance in the context of responsibility. We supposed that the motivation of the subject assuming responsibility is affected by normative goals. These goals prescribe the actions and the results to be achieved, also considering the different social roles. In this experiment the responses of different groups of subjects (N = 270) to a selection task were compared in two different conditions involving different responsibility contexts. The results show that the subjects' strategies in searching for possible violators depended on the condition (responsibility vs no responsibility). In particular, only in the context of responsibility were the performances elicited by conditional rules characterised by a falsification strategy.},
keywords = {conditional reasoning, Responsibility},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A series of recent studies showed that facilitation on the Wason Selection Task could be produced by perceived utilities. The present work was aimed at testing whether a similar factor could also be involved in human reasoning performance in the context of responsibility. We supposed that the motivation of the subject assuming responsibility is affected by normative goals. These goals prescribe the actions and the results to be achieved, also considering the different social roles. In this experiment the responses of different groups of subjects (N = 270) to a selection task were compared in two different conditions involving different responsibility contexts. The results show that the subjects' strategies in searching for possible violators depended on the condition (responsibility vs no responsibility). In particular, only in the context of responsibility were the performances elicited by conditional rules characterised by a falsification strategy.